- NETWORK – A network is a structure of clusters and nodes and connections between the nodes that appears in a single window. A network usually has feedback (lines going both ways between clusters) and may have inner dependence (a loop on a cluster indicating nodes in that cluster are connected to each other). A hierarchy is a simple kind of network that has a goal node in a goal cluster that connects to criteria in a criteria cluster and so on, downwards, but no feedback.
- MODEL – A decision model is a logical structure for making a decision. Your decision model will have two files with a .mod extension. The first is the main model that has the Benefits, Opportunities, Costs and Risks nodes, called the merits, in the top level network and a waterfall of subnetworks beneath. The networks at the very bottom contain the decision alternatives. This is the part of the model directly concerned the decision. The second is the strategic criteria ratings model that is used to establish priorities for the B, O, C, and R in this particular decision.
- NODES AND CLUSTERS – A cluster is a window inside a network that contains nodes. A cluster is a logical grouping of factors or elements in the decision being considered. The factors or elements are the nodes. Clusters are a device to help you in structuring the decision problem. All connections are made between nodes. Clusters end up linked by default when a node in one cluster is linked to some nodes in another cluster.
Pusat Pelatihan, Riset, Konsultasi dan Seminar tentang Metode Analytical Network Process (ANP)
Selasa, 12 Februari 2013
Glosarium ANP
Kamis, 07 Februari 2013
IN SEARCH OF SUSTAINABLE CONVENTIONAL AND ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE MODEL FOR MICRO ENTERPRISES
Ascarya and Widodo Cahyono
ABSTRACT
The role of Micro Enterprises (MEs) in Indonesia,
especially after monetary crisis, considered as a safety valve in the process
of national economic recovery both in enhancing economic growth and reducing
unemployment rate. MEs have always been in difficulties to access loan or
financing from the banking industry (conventional as well as Islamic financial
institutions) for a number of reasons. This study is aimed to determine and
evaluate several existing models of conventional and Islamic microfinance for
MEs to find the best existing microfinance model.
The results show that the
best conventional Grameen model is Koperasi Mitra Dhuafa, the best Islamic
Grameen model is KUBE Sejahtera No.21, the best conventional rural bank model
is BKK Purwodadi, the best Islamic rural bank model is Amanah Ummah, the best
conventional micro banking unit model is BRI Unit, while the best Islamic micro
banking unit model is BSM Warung Mikro. The overall best MFIs are Koperasi
Mitra Dhuafa (cGrameen), BRI Unit (cMBU) and UGT (BMT). Moreover, the best
financing program is held by KUBE (iGrameen), the best social-development
program is held by KUBE (iGrameen), the best MFI performance is held by Amanah
Ummah (Islamic Rural Bank), while the best outreach is held by BRI Unit (cMBU).
The most important sustainability criteria are: 1) Aid Independent (MFI
Performance); 2) Coverage (Outreach); 3)
Savings Program (Soc-Dev. Program); 4) Profitability (MFI Performance); 5) Risk
Mitigation (Financing Program); 6) Social Services (Soc-Dev. Program); 7)
Pick-Up Service (Financing Program); and 8) Avg. Financing (Outreach).
Moreover, Cooperative-BMT model is the most balanced sustainable
model, which is operated as a more social business institution.
JEL Classifications:
G21, G28, O17
Keywords:
Microfinance, Islamic Microfinance, Microfinance Institution, Micro Enterprises
Rabu, 06 Februari 2013
BOOK: Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis
The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and its generalization to
dependence and feedback, the Analytic Network Process (ANP), are
theories of relative measurement of intangible criteria. With this
approach to relative measurement, a scale of priorities is derived from
pairwise comparison measurements only after the elements to be measured
are known.
The ability to do pairwise comparisons is our biological
heritage and we need it to cope with a world where everything is
relative and constantly changing. In traditional measurement one has a
scale that one applies to measure any element that comes along that has
the property the scale is for, and elements are measured one by one, not
by comparing them with each other.
In the AHP paired comparisons are
made with judgments using numerical values taken from the AHP absolute
fundamental scale of 1-9. A scale of relative values is derived from all
these paired comparisons and it also belongs to an absolute scale that
is invariant under the identity transformation like the system of real
numbers.
The AHP/ANP is useful for making multicriteria decisions
involving benefits, opportunities, costs and risks. The ideas are
developed in stages and illustrated with examples of real life
decisions. The subject is transparent and despite some mathematics, it
is easy to understand why it is done the way it is along the lines
discussed here.
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